Cost of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) Induced Hospitalization: A Systematic ReviewC. Siltharm, M. Thavorncharoensap*
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Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are common causes of hospitalization leading to unnecessary morbidity and mortality. Evidences on cost of ADRs induced hospitalization are of benefits in drawing attention of hospital administration and health care policy makers to save the unnecessary cost. To date, several reviews were conducted to identify prevalence and factors associated with ADRs induced hospitalization. Nevertheless, no attempt has been made to review economic burden of ADRs induced hospitalization. Our study, therefore, aims to systematically review the economic costs of ADR induced hospitalization. A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE database using the following terms: (“Cost of Illness” [Mesh] OR costs OR cost OR economic) AND “drug toxicity” [Mesh]. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: 1) provided sufficient data on cost per case of ADR induced hospitalization that occurred in any hospital department including emergency, and 2) published in English. Based on the 12 studies included, incidence of ADR admissions ranged from 0.60% to 7.0% with the median length of hospital stay ranged from 3 to 8.7 days. Direct medical cost was calculated in all studies while indirect cost was calculated in only 2 studies. Cost per case of ADR induced hospitalization ranged between US$ 180 to 7,038 in 2013. Based on our findings, ADR induced hospitalizations are significant public health problem leading to substantial economic burdens. Special attention should be made to improve quality of drug use thus to reduce the incidence and cost of ADR induced hospitalization.
Keyword:
ADR, cost-of-illness, hospitalization
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