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Reference:
1. Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. GLUCOPHAGE® (metformin hydrochloride) tablets [Internet]. Silver Spring, MD: U.S. Food and Drug Administration; 2018 [cited 2026 Apr 29]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2018/020357s03
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2. McCreight LJ, Bailey CJ, Pearson ER. Metformin and the gastrointestinal tract. Diabetologia. 2016;59(3):426-35.
3. Bonnet F, Scheen A. Understanding and overcoming metformin gastrointestinal intolerance. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017;19(4):473-81.
4. Orloff JN, Touhamy SH, Truong W, Casper A, Shukla AP, Igel LI, et al. Trial of restarting and tolerating metformin (TreatMet). Diabetes Obes Metab. 2020;22(11):2189-92.
5. Silverii GA. Optimizing metformin therapy in practice: Tailoring therapy in specific patient groups to improve tolerability, efficacy and outcomes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2024;26 Suppl 3:42-54.
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Keywords:
metformin, ผลข้างเคียงในระบบทางเดินอาหาร, การจัดการผลข้างเคียง
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