| DOI: https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2018.03.154 | Pharm Sci Asia 2018; 45(3), 154-160 |
Differentiation-inducing effect in human colon cancer cells of essential oilsA. Rattanamaneerusmee, K. Thirapanmethee, Y. Nakamura, M.T. Chomnawang*
1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
2 Institute of Japanese Food Culture, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo-Nakaragi(Hangi), Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
3 Horticultural Division, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Center, Amarube, Kameoka, Kyoto 621-0806, Japan
Essential oils are naturally occurring, volatile aromatic compounds. Many essential oils are suitable for use as a flavoring and are safe for human consumption. In this study, the effects of essential oils on colon cancer cell differentiation were evaluated. A number of essential oils regularly used as a food ingredient were selected for investigation. These included betel vine oil, citronella oil, clove oil, clove leaf oil, galangal oil, guava leaf oil, hairy basil oil, holy basil oil, kaffir lime oil, lemongrass oil, lesser galangal oil, lime oil, sweet basil oil, and turmeric oil. Human rectum adenocarcinoma cells (RCM-1) was a study model for cell differentiating induction. The result showed that most essential oils were able to induce differentiation except lemongrass oil and lime oil which showed lower fraction of duct than 3-methylthiopropionic acid ethyl ester (MTPE), the positive control from Japanese pickling melon. Hairy basil oil, holy basil oil, and guava leaf oil were highly effective in inducing cell differentiation effect. The fractions of them were 4.71 ± 0.20, 4.03 ± 0.26, and 3.81 ± 1.05, respectively. The effect of inducing differentiation was interpreted by compared with the fraction of MTPE. Our finding indicated no dose dependent manner in this study. High concentration of some essential oils exhibited cytotoxicity on colon cancer cells. The results of this study can be used as preliminary data for further study on the novel anti-carcinogenic agents, with less adverse effects.
Keyword:
essential oils, chemopreventive, colon cancer, cell differentiation
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