| DOI: 10.29090/psa.2021.05.20.064 | Pharm Sci Asia 2021; 48(5), 491-497 |
Indonesian andaliman fruit (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) extract supresses the expression of inflammatory mediators on fibroblasts cells in vitroShelly Lelyana1, Armelia Sari Widyarman2*, Rahmi Amtha3
1 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, Indonesia
2
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia
3
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia
The recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the oral mucosa inflammation that causes pain and interferes with daily activity. One of the RAS’ predisposing factors is Streptococcus sanguinis infection, which causes an antigenic reaction. Ulcer progression in the oral cavity is modulated by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC is known as andaliman is an Indonesian fruit that has been reported to have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The objectives of this study were to analyze the cytotoxic concentration of andaliman fruit extract and determine the effect of andaliman fruit extract on TNF-α and IL-6 levels of fibroblasts infected with Streptococcus sanguinis. The cytotoxicity was determined by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl]-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) test. TNF-α and IL-6 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) tests. All the obtained data were statistically analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (α=0.05). The MTT assays confirmed that 25 mg/mL concentration of Z. acanthopodium extract has no cytotoxic effects on fibroblast cells (viability=95.62%). TNF-α and IL-6 level on infected fibroblast cells were significantly decreased (P<0.05) after 25 mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL concentration of Z. acanthopodium extract treatment, respectively. Our results concluded that Indonesian andaliman fruit significantly reduced the inflammatory biomarkers in the infected fibroblast cells. Furthermore, in vivo study using animal models is needed to confirm the anti-inflammatory potential of andaliman fruit extract.
Keyword:
Andaliman fruit, Anti-inflammation, Cytotoxicity, IL-6, TNF-α, Zanthoxylum acanthopodium
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