Development of Guava Extract Chewable Tablets for Anticariogenic Activity against Streptococcus mutansS. Saraya,* J. Kanta, N. Sarisuta, R. Temsiririrkkul, Y. Suvathi, K. Samranri and S. Chumnumwat
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Streptococcus mutans is a normal flora bacteria found in human oral cavity. This bacterium has been known to cause dental caries and bad breath odor. This study was conducted to develop the guava extract chewable tablets against S. mutans ATCC 25175. The guava leaves obtained from Psidium guajava L. were extracted with water by boiling 15 minutes and lyophilized to be the powder. The reconstituted crude extract was varied in concentration over the approximate 8?, 16?, 32? MIC and investigated for antibacterial activity. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against S. mutans of crude extract was 5 mg/ml which was equal to minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Crude extract was also tested for antimicrobial susceptibility compared with standard antibiotic kanamycin. The largest clear zone of 12.50 ? 0.71 mm in diameter was observed in crude 32? MIC comparing to 13 mm in kanamycin. The negative control gave no clear zone. The guava chewable tablets were formulated as complied with commercial chewable tablets. The tablets were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility test and largest clear zone of 11.50 ? 0.71 mm in diameter was observed in the 32? MIC tablet. Moreover, measurement of bactericidal activity (time kill study) of 32? MIC tablet demonstrated the killing effect against S. mutans, the results showed that colony counts of tested bacteria were declined to zero within 2-3 hours. Although, those results support the traditional use of P. guava for the treatment of dental caries, further study is required for this medicinal plant.
Keyword:
chewable tablet, dental caries, Psidium guajava, Streptococcus mutans, Guava Extract, Anticariogenic Activity, oral cavity, medicinal plant
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