Antimicrobial Effect of Clove and Lemongrass Oils against Planktonic Cells and Biofilms of Staphylococcus aureusS. Chamdit*and P. Siripermpool
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The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of clove and lemongrass oils against 10 clinical isolates and the reference strains S. aureus ATCC 29213 and ATCC 43300. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of clove and lemongrass oils against all tested isolates were performed by standard broth microdilution assay. Minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) were also investigated. The kinetics of the essential oils was performed by time-kill assay. The results showed that the MIC and MBC values of clove oil against planktonic cell ranged from 2.0 % to 3.0 % and 2.4 % to 5.0 %, respectively. MIC and MBC of clove and lemongrass oils against cell within biofilm were raised up to 3.0 % to 5.0 % and 4.0 % to >5.0 %, respectively. The MBEC of clove and lemongrass oils were usually 1.00 to 2.08 and 2.00 to 4.00 times higher than the MBC. Synergistic effect between clove and lemongrass oils was demonstrated by time-kill assay on S. aureus ATCC 43300. These data show that combined clove and lemongrass essential oils efficiently kills S. aureus within biofilm and is therefore an alternative method for S. aureus eradication.
Keyword:
Biofilm, Clove oil, Lemongrass oil, Staphylococcus aureus
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