Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases: Critical Tools of Bacterial ResistanceK. Thirapanmethee
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Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) is one of the important groups of β-lactamases produced by Gram-negative bacteria including Enterobacteriaceae. This group of enzyme can effectively destroy most of the β-lactam antibiotics including penicillins, the third generation cephalosporins, and aztreonam. The emerging of ESBLs-producing bacteria is widely spread and becomes a major public health concern for limited treatment options. Detection of these enzymes is necessary for identification, protection, and treatment. The detection method of this enzyme can be divided into 2 groups, phenotypic detection and genotypic detection. The first method depends on non-molecular techniques to detect ESBLs-producing bacteria. This method is generally used in clinical laboratory because it is easy to perform, convenient, and inexpensive. However, the phenotypic method cannot be used to identify ESBLs type. The latter method, genotypic detection, uses molecular techniques to detect the enzyme encoding sequence. This method is capable to classify ESBL types and is currently used. This review will summarize the ESBLs in aspect to classification and detection methods.
Keyword:
Extended spectrum beta lactamases, Resistance, Classification, Detection
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