| DOI: 10.29090/psa.2026.02.26.9713 | Pharm Sci Asia 2026; 53(2), 136-145 |
Phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of Grewia serrulata leaves methanol extracts and its different fractions against oxidative stress, inflammation and diarrhea: An in vitro and in vivo study.Nusrat Jahan1*, Ummah Tasnim Nisat1, Farjana Nawrin1, Nizum Barua2, Tahiat Tasnia Tahi3, Mohammed Kamrul Hossain2
1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Chittagong- 4202, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
2
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong- 4331, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
3
Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Chittagong, Bangladesh
The Malvaceae (formerly Tiliaceae) family's Grewia serrulata DC has remarkable medicinal characteristics and its many parts are utilized in traditional medicine. However, scientific evidence supporting its pharmacological activities remains limited, particularly regarding the bioactivity of its leave extracts and solvent fractions. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profile and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiarrheal activities of the methanol extract of G. serrulata leaves and solvent fractions. To investigate the antioxidant effect, a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay was conducted in vitro, while in vivo anti-inflammatory and antidiarrheal activities were evaluated using the carrageenan-induced paw edema model and the castor oil-induced diarrhea model in mice, respectively. G. serrulata methanol extract (GSME) and its n-Hexane fraction (GSNH) showed significant potential in DPPH scavenging at higher doses with showing IC50 values of 11.7886?g/mL and 89.86?g/mL, respectively. Also, GSME, GSNH & Dichloromethane fractions (GSDM) displayed significant (p <0.001) anti-inflammatory and antidiarrheal effects compared to control. GSME, GSNH & GSDM reduced inflammation at a rate of 88.48%, 66.03% & 58.46% during 4th hour of post-injection. GSME & GSNH demonstrated a highly significant (p <0.001) reduction (71.21% & 62.12% inhibition, respectively) in diarrhea, while Loperamide showed an inhibition of 72.73%. The findings indicate that G. serrulata leaves exhibit promising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiarrheal activities. The results provide preliminary pharmacological support for the traditional use of this plant and highlight its potential as a source of bioactive compounds for future drug discovery, though further investigations including bioassay-guided isolation, mechanistic investigations, and safety evaluations are required.
Keyword:
Methanol; Fractions; Antioxidant; Anti-inflammatory; Antidiarrheal
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